White papers
Download technical white papers from the LNG sector.
Electric Process Heaters Help Decarbonise Petrochemical Refining and LNG applications
Petrochemical processes have traditionally been heated with fossil fuels for a number of reasons, but the pressure is building to mitigate carbon dioxide emissions and advance long-term decarbonisation goals.
Published on the 01 April 2023
Built to Perform: Which type of heat exchanger is best for producing LNG?
LNG plants require cryogenic heat exchangers to liquefy natural gas. This paper outlines the features of the two most common types and why coil wound heat exchangers are the best choice for producing large quantities of LNG.
Published on the 20 March 2023
Trymer Polyisocyanurate (PIR) Systems Guide
This guide covers the installation of a complete thermal insulation system on LNG piping systems, tanks, vessels, and equipment surfaces (service temperature range -320°F to -70°F [-196°C to -57°C]). This document was created to assist both contractors and specifiers/engineers in the LNG and Cryogenic fields.
Published on the 01 February 2023
The burning question
How will Asia manage fuel supply risks this winter?
Published on the 09 January 2023
A new hydraulic turbine approach to increase LNG production and efficiency
This white paper presents the benefits of a new hydraulic turbine offering for an LNG process.
Published on the 10 November 2022
Intervening when feed gas is too lean: Heavies removal challenges for LNG projects
Pipeline-quality feed gas for US LNG projects poses a unique challenge: heavy hydrocarbon removal. Unfortunately, for lean feed gas, traditional hydrocarbon removal methods may not meet all required liquefaction specifications. If not removed effectively, these heavy hydrocarbons will freeze out during the liquefaction process.
Published on the 07 November 2022
Leave Refrigerants Out in the Cold: insight as to how the AP-C1™ process differentiates itself from more typical precooled, mixed-refrigerant, Reverse-Rankine (RR) cycles
Air Product's white paper shows that gas expansion cycles can provide significant power savings when operating at ambient temperatures well below the design point.
Published on the 17 August 2022
Dealing with rejection: selecting the best nitrogen removal for your LNG plant
New natural gas liquefaction projects require efficient, low CAPEX nitrogen removal options. This article will describe the steps to select the best nitrogen removal option for an LNG plant.
Published on the 13 April 2022